WhatNext Logo
Merit vs. Need-Based Scholarships: What's the Difference?

Merit vs. Need-Based Scholarships: What's the Difference?

AUTHOR

Kalyani Yalamanchi (PhD) Founder & CEO | WhatNext Overseas Education Consultancy

For many students planning to study abroad, scholarships are the bridge between dreams and reality. Every year, universities and governments around the world offer billions of dollars in financial aid to attract bright minds from across the globe. Among the most common are merit-based and need-based scholarships — but what exactly is the difference, and which one is right for you?

What Are Merit-Based Scholarships?

Merit-based scholarships are designed to reward students who have shown outstanding achievements. These could be in academics, leadership, community service, research, arts, or sports. The goal is to recognize talent and potential, regardless of the student's financial background. For example, the Fulbright Scholarship and Chevening Scholarship recognize exceptional academic and leadership accomplishments globally.

Key Features

  • Awarded on performance and achievements.
  • May require strong academic records (GPA, SAT, GRE, GMAT, IELTS/TOEFL scores).
  • Some also look for leadership roles, volunteering, or unique talents.

What Are Need-Based Scholarships?

Need-based scholarships help students who may not be able to afford studying abroad on their own, ensuring that financial constraints don't block access to top-quality education. For instance, universities like Yale and Harvard offer need-based financial aid packages that evaluate family income to support deserving students.

Key Features

  • Based on the student's financial background.
  • Applicants often need to submit documents like family income proof, bank statements, or tax records.
  • Universities may combine need and merit when assessing eligibility.

Which Scholarship Is Right for You?

Choosing the right scholarship depends on your personal profile:

Consider Your Profile

  • If you are a top performer, apply for merit-based scholarships at top universities like Oxford, Cambridge, Harvard, or Melbourne.
  • If you are academically capable but face financial hurdles, explore need-based scholarships in the USA, Canada, or Europe.
  • In some cases, you may even qualify for both types of scholarships. For example, U.S. universities like Yale, MIT, and Harvard evaluate both merit and financial need before offering aid.

Common Myths About Scholarships

There are several misconceptions about scholarships that students should be aware of:

Myth 1: Only top scorers can get scholarships

Truth: Scholarships reward talent, potential, and achievements – not just perfect grades. Many awards consider leadership, creativity, community service, or unique skills.

Myth 2: Need-based scholarships are for low performers

Truth: Need-based aid is about financial need, not academic ability. Students with strong academic profiles but limited resources often receive full support.

Myth 3: Scholarships are only for certain countries or universities

Truth: Opportunities exist worldwide – in the USA, UK, Canada, Australia, and Europe – for undergraduate, graduate, and professional programs.

Myth 4: Scholarships only cover tuition

Truth: Some scholarships also provide funding for housing, travel, textbooks, and living expenses, making studying abroad more accessible.

Ready to Apply?

Whether you shine academically or need financial support, there's a scholarship waiting to support your journey abroad. The key is understanding the difference between merit-based and need-based scholarships and applying strategically.

At WhatNext Study Abroad Consultancy, we believe that no dream should be limited by money or confusion. With expert guidance, you can unlock global opportunities and take the next big step toward your future.